Commentaries
Ashura-chō 阿修羅帖 弌 [第一卷]
(The Ashura Notebook, Volume 1), 1920
WORK IN PROGRESS (DRAFT 5-24-25)
WORK IN PROGRESS (DRAFT 5-24-25)
Ashurachō, dai-san-kan 阿修羅帖 三 [第三卷] (The Ashura notebook, volume 3)
Ashurachō, dai-yon-kan 阿修羅帖 四 [第四卷] (The Ashura notebook, volume 4)
Ashurachō, dai-go-kan 阿修羅帖 五 [第五卷] (The Ashura notebook, volume 5)
Dragon and tiger fight fiercely [A fierce clash between two powerful forces]
Which is the male and female fruit? [Which side will win?]
— Seigai
龍驤虎搏 Ryū jō ko haku
雌雄果孰 Shiyū ka shuku
— 西涯
An aura of demonic fury descends upon humanity.
— Shiga Shigetaka
鬼氣迫人
— 志賀重昂
Will it be Russia or Germany? — don't lose!
Russia, run swiftly!
Raise your battle cry
In the streets of Berlin.
— Hibino Hiroshi
露か獨か負けるな
露西亞疾く走れ
喊聲揚げよ
伯林の街
— 日比野寬
In the present World War, there has been no battle more critical to the entire course of the war than the Battle of the Marne. Had the French forces been defeated there, Germany would likely have proceeded according to its long-standing strategic plan: first crushing France, and then slowly turning its grand army eastward to destroy Russia. In that case, the war might have ended within three to five months in complete German victory.
However, Germany’s attempt to break through the center of the French front—a move in which it had placed absolute confidence—was met with fierce resistance in a three-day-and-night battle. The offensive was ultimately repelled. In short, Germany's strategy of capitalizing on the enemy’s unpreparedness to deliver a lightning strike and annihilate the French field army ended in total failure at this point.
From that moment on, the war shifted into a war of attrition, and for over four years since, the world has been engulfed in the clouds of war. The current global situation has arisen directly as a consequence. The true turning point in the fortunes of both armies lay in this very battle.
October 5, Taishō 8 (1919)
— Okuda Takematsu
此次の世界大戰に於てマルヌの會戰はど全戰局に對し重大なる関係を有する戰闘はない佛軍若し之に敗れたらんには獨逸は年來の作戰計畫たる先づ佛國を撃破したる後徐ろに大旆を囘らして東の方露西亞を粉碎するの舉に出たるべく戰争は三五ヶ月を出ずして獨逸の全勝を以て終結したであらう然るに獨逸が必成を期した佛國戰線の中央突破は三晝夜に渉る激戰に於て頑強なる佛國の抵抗に遭ひ途に撃退せられたのである即ち敵の備の完からざるに乗じて疾風迅雷的に佛國野戰軍を粉碎せんとしたる獨逸の策戰は茲に全く失敗に歸したのであるこれより以後戰争は持久戰に移りて爾來四年有餘の間世界を戰雲に包みf遂󠄂に現今の状勢を誘致したもので兩軍勝負の分岐點は實に此會職にあったのである
八年十月初五
— 奧田竹松
The Frog and the Tobacco
A frog came to a picture shop and looked at a Bonchi-brand tobacco advertisement.
It saw that pictures of frogs like itself were drawn on it, with a note beside them referring to a member of the Diet from Hibiya.
From that day on, the frog started putting on the airs of a Diet member.
First, it put on Western clothes.
Then it drove an automobile.
So as not to be outdone by the Hibiya Diet member, it even set up a mistress’s residence.
It gave and received bribes.
It used passes to go on trips.
Up to that point, the frog had been happy.
But one day, it picked up a discarded cigarette by the roadside.
Thinking that if it just walked around chewing on it, it would finally be a fully authentic Diet member, it joyfully sucked on the butt.
Then, coughing violently, it died.
— Ubukata Toshirō
蛙と煙草
蛙が絵草紙屋の前へ来て、ボンチ輸を見るさ、
自分達の絵が描いてあって、日比谷の代議士さ傍
へ註が付いてゐた。
其日から、蛙に大に代議士氣取でゐた。
それから、まづ洋服を着た。自働車を飛ばせた。
そして日比谷の代議士に耻ぢわ様に、妾宅を構へ
た。賄賂を遣り取りした。パッスを利用して旅行
した。
蛙は、それ迄に幸福であったが、或日、道傍に
捨てゝある烟草を拾った。之を咬へて歩きさへす
れば、最早本物の完全な代議士になれるこ思って
悦んで糞を吸った。
そして、脇を吐いて死んでしまった。
—生方敏郞
Once the three of us have firmly agreed to start drinking, we promise not to show weakness partway through by saying things like, “I can’t drink anymore—let’s eat instead.”
We promise not to secretly order rice balls from the maid, leaving the other two out.
— Sojinkan (楚人冠)
一、三人で断っして飲み始めた上からは途中で『もう飲めないから飯にしやう』など、弱音を吐かぬ事を約束す
二、三人の中二人をさし措いて一人だけこつそりと女中に頼んで握飯を取り寄せたりなんかせぬ事を約束す
— 楚人冠
If one could understand from the beginning that they would have to weep when looking at the caricature they themselves had drawn, then no matter how much they prided themselves on their strength, they might well have thought twice about it. — Shimazaki Tōson
自分で描いたカリカチュウル(戯畫)を見て自分で哭かなければ成らないやうなことが最初から解つて居れば、いかに強いが自慢な人でも考へ直したらうものを。
— 島崎藤村
There is a school of swordsmanship in Kii [Kishu] Province called the Odaka-ryū. It specializes in sweeping the opponent’s legs. If, however, one enters a fight fully prepared from the outset to have one's legs swept, and rushes in swiftly to strike, then even if one’s own legs are indeed cut down, one may, at that same moment, succeed in taking off the enemy’s head.
If the German forces from the start were resigned to getting wet, what could a flood attack ultimately hope to achieve?
— Sojinkan
劒道に紀州の尾高流といふがあり。敵の脚を拂ふを得意とす。人若し初より脚を拂はるゝことを覺悟して、逸早く敵に斬り込み行かんには、たとひ、わが脚は斬り捨てられんずとも、同時に敵の首 [かうべ] は打ち落しつべし。初より濡るゝを承知の獨軍に取りて、水攻竟に何かは成し得んや。
— 楚人冠
A wrestler picked a quarrel with a jujutsu master. With a single move, he lifted the master into the air on his outstretched arms. The master said to the wrestler: 'Would you dare throw me to the ground? Before you even have time, I will kill you with a kick.' Seized with fright, the wrestler, still holding his opponent in his arms, began to run in all directions, shouting: 'Murder! Murder!' This is a true story.
Remembering this wrestler, I cannot help but laugh when I think of the German army which, from the very first days of September 1914, began to retreat along the entire front.
Tchifuyu Watanabé
Un lutteur s'est pris de querelle avec un maître de ju-jutsu. D'un seul coup il enlève le maître en l'air sur ses bras tendus. Celui-ci dit au lutteur: "Oserais-tu me jeter à terre? Sans t'en laisser le temps, je te tuerai d'un coup de pied." Saisi de frayeur, le lutteur tenant toujours son adversaire dans les bras, se mit à courir en tous sens, en criant: "Au meurtre, au meurtre!" Ceci est une histoire.
Au souvenir de ce lutteur, je ne puis m'empêcher de rire en pensant à l'armée al-lemande qui, dès les premiers jours de Septembre 1914, a commencé à battre en retraite sur toute la ligne.
Tchifuyu Watanabé
Fire! Fire! 1914
Fire! Fire! 1915
Fire! Fire! 1916
Fire! Fire! 1917
Fire! Fire! 1918
— Reisen
火事だ! 一九一四
火事だ! 一九一五
火事だ! 一九一六
火事だ! 一九一七
火事だ! 一九一八
— 玲川
Austria
It’s not that I’m showing my back to the enemy.
It’s just that there’s no enemy left willing to face me head-on.
Believe it or not, I’m the one who smashed Serbia.
— So
澳 『敵に後を見せるのではない。前か ら見て呉れる敵が居ない迄だ。お れは斯う見えてもセルビアを叩き つけてゐるんだぞ。』
— 楚
Well, this is outrageous.
In the Treaty of 1839, it was stipulated under the guarantee of the powers that I (Belgium) would remain neutral and that no one would violate that. Included among those “powers” was, indeed, “the Government of His Majesty the King of Prussia,” was it not? And now, you come and tell me to disregard that—what is the meaning of this?
I don’t know what strategic reasons you may have, but there is no logic that can justify breaking a nation’s honor on such grounds. I do not believe that I must abandon my honor in order to maintain my independence. If you insist on enforcing your will by brute force, then so be it—I am prepared.
If necessary, I shall respond with force of arms.
— From the Belgian Foreign Minister’s reply to the German Ambassador to Belgium, August 3, 1914
まア呆れた。千八百三十九年の條約には、列國保障の下に私を一本立にして誰にも指をさゝせめ
事になつてゐます。その「列國」といふ中には、貴方の方の「普魯西王陛下の政府」もちゃんと入
つてゐるではありませんか。それが今になって貴方のいふ事を聞けとは何事です。どんな戦略上の
都合があるかは知りませんが、そんな事で人の操を破っても宜いといふ理窟は立ちますまい。私は
操を棄てなければ一本立が出来ないとは思いません。貴方が強つて腕づくで我意を徹[とま]さうと仰 [おっしゃ]るなら、宜しい、私にも覺悟がある。叶はめ迄も腕づくでお相手になりませう。
千九百十四年八月三日自國外相より
駐白獨逸公使に送れる回答の意識
“Hey boss, if the fish is willing, the water is too — can’t you lend us a hand?” “Hmph, I think I’ll have to beg off for the time being.”
— Reisen
「ナー親方魚心あれば水心だ一肌ぬいで吳れますめえか」 「フ、そいつあ當分御免を蒙りやせう」
— 玲川
The German warship is named Ōdate Shichirōzaemon.
The British warship is named Ukita Tamijirō.
But there is no Japanese warship named Sano Shikajūrō.
— So (楚)
獨艦の名は大館七郎左衛門
英艦の名は浮田民次郎
日本の軍艦佐野鹿十郎在らず
— So (楚)
This is truly the water-imp's fart!
No! No! Hee!
— Ishikawa Chiyomatsu
Kore koso hontoni Kappa no He!
Не! Не! Hee!
— Ishikawa Chiyomatsu
Shimomura, who had spent time in Belgium prior to the war, provides the following poetic commentary to Ito’s sketch:
Even Antwerp, long hailed as an impregnable fortress, fell swiftly before the force of modern arms.
Such is the power of time.
In the early stages of the war, the days that the German army spent besieging Liège and Antwerp were such that, even with several years to come, they could never make up for the losses they suffered.
This too is the power of time.
To the sound of war drums in Ostend—like the roar of the sea—
Did the young king smile?
In the Kurhaus, cannon fire rang like music to the ear.
On that godless October night, I remember King Albert [King Albert I of Belgium].
難攻不落の名城と謳はれたるアンヴヱルスも新銳の武力の前には幾もなくして陷落を見るに至れり是れ時の力なり
戰機爆發の當初に於て獨軍がリヱージ、アンヴェルスの爲めに費したる日子は後の數ヶ年を以てするも其損失を償ふに足らざるべし是れ又時の力なり
オスタンド鼙鼓の音を潮騒と
若き王者は笑み玉ひしか
クルハウスに砲火の音を楽と聞く
神無月夜のアルベール王憶ふ
しもむらひろし
Balloons recognize no borders;
If only human thoughts
Could drift as freely.
— Reisen
氣球に國境なし
これが「思想」なら
さうも参らず
— 玲川
Command
March!
March!
March!
Marching
Out of step
Out of step
— Reisen
號令
マーチ !
マーチ !
マーチ !
步調
まち〱
まち〱
— 玲川
England: “There it goes!”
France: “There it goes!”
Chorus: “There it goes—there it goes—”
—So
英「アレヨ」
佛「アレヨ」
合唱 『アレヨ〱』
— 楚
To stand for both sides is to stand for none.
Ah, how difficult it is to be the monarch of a small and weak nation.
— Kiichi
「両方立てれば身が立たぬ」
あ弱小国の君主たるも亦難ソかな。
By nature, men are nearly alike; by practice, they get to be wide apart.
— by Toki
性相近也
習相遠也
— 土岐筆
“...‘Come now, let us sink this wretch into the sea and chill the livers of the likes of Shigemitsu!’ so he declared, taking up a great arrow and knocking it to his bow. With a twist of his sturdy elbow, he drew it back and let it fly with a he-ra-futsu [whooshing sound], striking just five inches above the waterline.
The shaft pierced clean through the belly of the great ship, water gushing in through both entry and exit wounds. In an instant, the vessel was overwhelmed.
Led by Tadashige, over three hundred soldiers sank to the ocean floor, entombed in the bellies of great sea creatures...”
(From Chūsetsu Yumihari-zuki [Strange Tales of the Crescent Moon])
— Reisen
「・・・・・・いでや這奴を海に沈めて、茂光
等に肝を冷さしてんと宣ひて、大鏑を
取てうち番ひ、小肘の廻るほど、引切
て、漂弗[へらふつ]と發給へば、水際五寸ばかり
置て、大船󠄂の腹を、あなたへ衝と射徹
し、兩方の矢目より水入りて、船󠄂は立
地に卷込まれ、忠重をはじめとして、
三百餘人の軍兵ども水底に沈淪して、
大魚の腹に葬らる。・・・・・・」
(椿説弓張月より)
— 玲
A thief
never enters
through the front gate.
— Sojinkan
泥坊は
正門より
出入せず
— 楚人冠
Damn it! (Shimatta!)
Was it a planted mine?
A drifting mine?
Rumors and hearsay
Spread without end.
— Reisen (玲川)
シマッタ!
布設水雷か?
浮流水雷か?
浮說流言
しきりに
行はる
— 玲川
Lightning—
At the head of waves
Crossing the equator.
— Suisai
稻妻や
赤道越ゆる
浪の先
— 水哉
You ride the surging waves—
Eastward? Westward?
🎵 Surely you won’t have gone far,
You were on this course…
But even in pursuit,
It’s over the sea—
How sorrowful.
— Ai
ぬしはしら浪
ひがしか西か
〽遠くはゆくまい
たしかにこの路・・・・・
あとを追ふにも
海の上
—哀
Special Grand Performance
A Masterpiece by Mr. Chūta – A Kokusui-sha Film
European Tragedy – Chain Mail, Part II
A five-reel, 500-scene epic in a serialized, grand-scale motion picture
Starring the fierce actor Kaiser Wilhelm, in a heroic, world-shaking performance
Featuring the famous cross-dressing actress Belgium, in a hair’s-breadth escape from peril
Premieres Today
Gunkoku-kan Theater
— Reisen
特別大興行
チュウタ氏傑作 コクスイ社映畫
欧洲悲劇 鎖かたびら 第裏
全五卷 五百場の長篇 連續的大寫真
猛優カイゼル・ウキルヘルム氏乾坤一擲の大活躍
男装名女優ベルデック壊危機一髪の大冒險
本日封切
軍國館
—玲川
Smooth talk,
Carried away by Turkey’s good mood,
Such deceitful eyes —
[Now under]
The crescent-moon flag.
— Yaichi
口車
機嫌土耳古に
のせられて
そんなうそ目を
三日月の旗
— やいち
Paradise Lost
Now, the accursed fruit of the Tree of Knowledge
— Reisen
パラダイス・ロスト
今はうらめしき
智慧の木の實
—玲川
"Dying here, I will never be able to find rest."
— Reisen
こゝで死んでは
浮ばれまい
—玲川
"Ashura" is a Sanskrit word. In Chinese, it is translated as “non-heaven”, “non-kind”, or “improper”.
I would render it in Japanese as “writhing in agony.”
According to Buddhist teaching, the realm of Ashura is one of the Ten Worlds—a brutish realm that constantly wages war with the Thirty-Three Heavens.
If you persist in acts of destruction, slaughter, and mutual devouring, and make a way of life of writhing between the boundaries of hellish realms and the path of the Buddha, then truly, you will never reach the moment of liberation from birth and death.
Hah!
— Takashima Mokuhō (Daien)
阿修羅(Asura)は梵語なりこれを漢語に譯して非天と言ひ非類と言ひ不端正と言ふ僕これを日本語に譯して『のた打ち廻はる』と言はむとすもとこれ佛敎説くところの十界の一常に三十三天と戰ふところの鬼畜の類なり汝若し依然として殘害殺戮迭相吞噬以て惡趣と佛士との境にのた打ち廻はるを事とせむか蓋し永へに生死得脫の期なからむ咄
— 高島木峰
Long ago, the tale goes, Momotarō conquered Onigashima [Demon Island], subdued the demons, and brought back heaps of treasure. But today's Momotarō, even after seizing the real thing, when glared at by eagles and lions, seems ready to abandon both treasure and island, tucking his tail and retreating with his dog in tow.
And yet, somehow, it’s all deemed a great success.
— An Unofficial Fairy Tale History
むかし〱の桃太郎は、鬼ヶ島をば征め伏せて、寶物を澤山持つて歸つた。然るに今の桃太郎は、實物を捕った斗りか、その鬼ヶ島を乗取りながら、鷲や獅子に睨まれると、寶も島も置き去りにして、犬と一しよに尾を卷かうとする。さりとてよつぽど
めでたし〱
お伽外史
Taishō 3 (1914)
“Oh, you caught it well! Well done! Everyone is overjoyed. Hurry up and bring it up.”
Taishō 8 (1919)
“Oh? You're still clinging to it? Afraid of the American dog? What a cowardly cat you are.”
— Reisen
大正三年
オヽよくとつた〱みんなが大よろこびよ早くお上りなさい
大正八年
オヤまだ持て餘してるのメリ犬がこわいつて? なんて憶病な猫だらう
— 玲川
"If a country does not trust the benevolent and the wise, it will be left empty and hollow."
— Kyokō Sanjin [quoting Mencius]
不信仁賢 則國空虛
—虛吼山人書
"That's a wild boar that came into my field! Hurry up, put it down and get out of here now!" "Well, maybe I'll have a smoke break first."
— Chūta
「オラが畑サ出た猪だサッサと置て出て行かッシャイ
「マジ一服ャルベーカ
— 忠太
This freeloader—he won’t even come out on a four-meal day,
But in exchange, at least he doesn’t sweep a square garden in circles.
— Sō
この居候、四杯日にさへそつとは出さず
その代り四角の庭を丸くは掃かず
— 楚
Normal Condition
The sleeves stiffen in the biting wind and snow.
Drawn into play, even the body gets involved—
before you know it, enemies find themselves
not in the midst of deep grudges piling up,
but truly—how novel—a welcome pause.
— Ai (哀)
本調子
袖こほるこのさむ風の雪つぶて、遊ぶこゝろに身のいりて、つひ思はずの敵同志、つもる恨みのなかぢやなし、ほんにしんきなえゝひと休み
— 哀
Reasons for the Fall of Qingdao
Alas, our Qingdao was surrounded by Japan’s barbarian troops. Though our officers and men were full of loyal courage, they were completely worn down and weakened. There was no way to hold out any longer.
Still, we rallied the troops with all our might, applying the Thirty-Six Stratagems and every secret tactic we could muster, doing our utmost to resist. But even so…
— Chūta
青島陥落の理由
さても我が青島は日本の蛮軍の為に包囲せられ流石忠勇の将卒共も悉く弱り果て不得共なりよく募を以て衆に当り三十六計秘術を尽して極力防禦に力め不然
— 忠太
Lower banner (A mock letter to the Kaiser):
Even we could not defend it. The Japanese barbarian soldiers knew nothing of the proper conduct of war, and recklessly charged in, heedless of order or form. Under such circumstances, how could we possibly maintain a proper defensive formation even for a moment?
We, who have always valued the customs of honorable warfare, now accept the honor of surrender.
November 7, Taishō 3 (1914)
Governor of Qingdao
Meyer-Waldeck
Respectfully, with a hundred prostrations
To His Majesty (Emperor Wilhelm)
防るに日本の蠻兵でも戦の作法を辨へず無二無三に斬り込こ来るに何とて一と溜りも溜り候べき臣等戰の慣例を重んじ伏するの光榮を養得仕候
大正三年十一月七日
青島総督
クルデック
頓首百拜
ウイルヘルム皇帝
陛下
German warships
Scharnhorst,
Gneisenau,
Leipzig—
were sunk by British ships.
獨艦シヤル
ンホルスト・
グナイゼナウ・
ライプチヒ・
英艦に撃沈セらろ
Lord of Medicine (head court physician): "Your Majesty, if I may humbly suggest, if you would set aside that sword, then I would not throw away this spoon."
— Toki Yoshimaro
Zii-no-kami: Osorenagara Heika ga sono
Ken wo osute asobasimasureba, watakusi wa kono
Sazi wo nagemasenu.
— Toki Yoshimaro
"The demon's head"
『鬼の首』